A native of St. Louis as his father, Sy Ababacar, Caliph of Tijanis from 1922 to 1957 he was the third son, Serigne Cheikh Tidiane Sy entered its 86 th year. It reveals the story of a spiritual guide who is freed from conservatism peculiar to Islam in Senegal, in an effort to give a strong personal identity as an open man. Beyond the consideration based on ancestry (descended from El-Hadji Malick Sy, the almamy Rip and Bour Sine), its influence in Senegalese Muslim community is the result of his personal journey. Early on, Serigne Cheikh Tidiane attempted to reform its family members. He set the phone to the Caliph and getting used to the world of the western port called and held public appearances, disheveled head. This opening is controversial. For example, in the religious, the cap is part of the full. During a religious lecture, May 26, 1950 Tivaouane young marabout argued: "Religion should not make its neutral about the work of global reform. (...) Learning his religious duties and the practice does not exclude handicrafts and mind that lead to the betterment of humanity. This is another area that should not be any reason to flee. " Several records, intellectual, social, theological, political and economic characterize his career. The multiple dimensions make his public lectures or his talk on the occasion of the commemoration of the birth of Prophet Muhammad (571-622). Indeed, for nearly a decade, the famous Sheikh, alone with his faithful to field races Tivaouane (92 Km). This is the third Gamou organized concurrently alongside that of his brothers and one of his cousins. The first split dates from the early 50s, following a dispute between Khalifa Babacar and his half-brothers. This old division took place half a century after the launch by El-Hadji Malick Sy of the impetus he has given on the anniversary of the "Mawlidi nabi", celebrating the "Bourda" masterpiece Mohamed Bouchri. These are eulogies written about the prophet sung a decade before the eve of Gamou. The d-day, speakers of these three poles comment on the "Khilasu Zahab" or "mimiya" major work of their grandfather on the prophet's life. Tivaouane is the attraction of Senegalese Muslims on the occasion of the celebration of Maouloud . This commemoration of the birth of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the 106-th edition in the city since it was launched by El-Hadji Malick Sy. The advent of the scholar and mystic (1855-1922) was announced by El-Hadji Oumar Tall Foutiyou as his successor at the head of the Tijaniyya. In his spiritual formation, Sheikh Maktoum Ahmed Tidiane claims "unfailing loyalty to the teachings Serigne Babacar Sy, "his father that he is for" single spiritual master. " However, he does not hide his admiration for a full Alioune Gueye Serigne trainer and he likes to call his other teachers of Islamic sciences, Imam Moussa Niang and Chaybatou Fall. Also, he often reminds his way into the hands of his uncle El-Hadji Abdoul Aziz Sy and diction lessons learned and the renowned pedagogue. They lived together Guinguinéo (center). The echo of hymns Dabbah still sounds Senegal, 10 years after his death. 's contemporaries Cheikh Tidiane Maktoum Tivaouane to hold him "a gifted student," talibé reciting his lessons smoothly while returning to other occupations while his comrades learned. Already at age 14, he completed prematurely and lower junior Islamic studies. At 16, he published his first book: "The vices of marabouts." Later, he wrote "The unknown of the Senegalese nation: El-Hadji Malick Sy". In the thirties, he made ​​his first trip to Paris where he lived much later for five years, a kind of exile. This intellectual precocity is that he plays a leading role in the circle of his father. The last years of the Caliphate of Serigne Babacar Sheikh animated on his appointment, and he was the Gamou the interlocutor dahiras (talibes circles) and official delegations. At this time, as now, El-Hadji Malick Sy family, was in conflict. After the call to God the deceased Caliph Serigne Cheikh uses this influence with his father and his own will with muqqadams (VIPs) and faithful to claim legitimacy in succession. And since he did not let go! maturity This brought him into contact with politicians with whom relations also evolving sawtooth. He was the founder of the Solidarity Party of Senegal (PSS opposition to Senghor), with various policies including Seydou Ndao Ibrahima Wade and Mr. Moustapha and the marabout Cheikh Ibrahima Niasse. In 1959, the election results are challenged deemed "truncated" by the PSS and the PAI (left) Sheikh worth a prison stay. Years later, Senghor appointed ambassador to Cairo from the United Arab Republic (Egypt and Syria) . The end was not successful. Charges of "mismanagement" mingle those of a "disturbing approchement with the Arab and Muslim communities." The concern was mainly French authorities and pro-French in the entourage of Senghor. A fact. Marabout ambassador developing cultural cooperation and had come thousands of books to the Senegalese Arabists "At the risk of repeating myself, I remind you that your role is primarily to study and organize nature within us and outside of us, the advent of justice, kindness and peace, "he said during a religious conference in May 1961 in Rufisque. With successive regimes before and after independence, his political career is full of contacts and distances. But among intellectuals including scholars in Arabic, Serigne Cheikh Tidiane represents the revival of Islam in Senegal. In 1955, the young marabout Tidjane up Islamic Educational Association at the same time he throws the paper "Islam eternal." Thus, he multiplies the thematic conferences on Islam, society, science, culture and politics. His old audience remembers that on "Islam and blackness." "In him, Cheikh Tidiane, has made ​​the double quest for" 'Insanoul kamil "(the perfect man) in the Islamic perspective: this spiritual being who live for God only duet with earthly being, who work and fight as if he should ever leave this world ", wrote in the journal The Muslim World, October 1995, Sheikh Abdoulaye Dièye. "Poet me Similarly, I too was amazed by the young purity and originality of his style and nobility conveyed his poetry. His poem is all finesse and intelligence and sees right through its outputs. His clothing to his gesture through his evocative word, "added the deceased and religious Senegalese politician. Mystique, intellectual and political, Cheikh Tidiane guard his hunting board the figure of the businessman. Producer of peanuts in the Saloum (center), he then turned his attention to the industry (oil and tomato preserved) before becoming the majority shareholder in the only cement the country at the time, SOCOCIM Rufisque. His quarrel with Abdou Diouf regime earned him a lot of trouble in this portfolio. Also mentioned are his past in the transport interests. Today, the weight of age and extent of the responsibilities confined to more shrinkage than ever. Nevertheless, critics still see his inspiration from the events of Dahira moustarchidin wal Moustarchidati the youth movement led by his son Serigne Moustapha Sy. Serigne Cheikh is their spiritual leader, even if he himself be their classmate in the legacy Khalifa Ababacar Sy. Bacary Sambe, Doctor in Political Science and a researcher at the House of the Eastern Mediterranean, Université Lumière Lyon 2, fell in an article "Sheikh Ahmed Tidiane Sy Maktoum was, too, presented by Editions Makbat Dar al-Hayat in Beirut as follows: it is currently among the men who work for the interests of Muslims and humanity. He enjoys the esteem and sincere friendship of all the leaders of the Arab world. They believe in his vision, his human qualities and his political "wisdom. In an analysis dated September 1995 on relations between Islam and the West, following a positive assessment of Prince Charles of England on the contribution of Islam in the progress of Europe, Cheikh Tidiane Sy and supported the "It's not because there are uneducated among Westerners and rebels among Muslims that everything must crumble. We must help each other to be less recalcitrant. " However, after the outbreak of the war in Iraq by the Anglo-American forces, the Senegalese religious leader had strongly protested against the various bases of armed attack. Thursday, May 15, 2003, at the Gamou, he pleaded for a reform of the international system. "The financial, political and religious are off-color. You can not globalize stupidity! The failure of observation systems is obvious. Those who favor globalization, themselves, are lost every day. " "Man is the first project of God and his latest creation. Through him, the Lord shows his omniscience that every believer must meditate. The reign of widespread blindness makes it necessary for a return to the Muslim divine sources: Allah, the Prophet and the Koran. Anything that can save the human being is his determination to pay attention to the powers of the Lord and God has sent his (the Prophet Muhammad) a virgin soil for the advent of the Koran ". Gamou At last, the April 1, 2007, Serigne Cheikh Tidiane Sy Maktoum invited the adults, especially the Koranic teachers, namely "behave appropriately with children, be nice to them." "There is that know scold or assaulted children while this does not happen. Just as it is forbidden in Islam to transform children into beggars in rags wandering the streets. Moreover, to fulfill a personal wish, go through the children. " Serigne Cheikh, it is mainly the control of the parable as a method of education allusive. He often couple with humor or derision. "Try you learn classical Arabic, the language of the prophet who is also that of the afterlife because there speak French or whatever"