The die casting process can be further divided into two different categories:

Hot chamber die casting
Cold chamber die casting

Hot chamber die casting is the process of immersing the injection system in the molten metal pool, hence the name. The furnace is connected to the machine via a feeding system called gooseneck. As the cycle begins, the piston will retract, which allows molten metal to fill the "gooseneck" from the port in the injection cylinder. As the plunger moves down, it seals the port and forces molten metal into the mold through the gooseneck and nozzle. After the metal solidifies, the plunger will pull up. After that, the mold will open and the part pops out. The advantage of this method is the short cycle time because it does not require the transportation of metal from a separate furnace. Unfortunately, this die casting process is only suitable for alloys that do not corrode injection cylinders, such as zinc, magnesium, and copper.

Cold chamber die casting is a process that uses a ladle to transport molten metal from a holding furnace to an unheated injection chamber or cylinder. A hydraulic piston is then used to inject this metal into the mold. The main disadvantage of this process is that it is relatively slow compared to the hot chamber die casting process. However, this process is mainly used to manufacture aluminum parts, because molten aluminum alloy will corrode and corrode metal cylinders, plungers and molds, thereby greatly shortening their tool life.


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